| Richard Snowden Ironmaster |
|
|---|---|
| Born | January 1, 1688 Maryland |
| Died | January 26, 1763 (aged 75) Maryland |
| Resting place | Laurel, Maryland |
| Ethnicity | English |
| Occupation | Iron Producer |
| Religion | Quaker |
| Spouse | Elizabeth Jane Coale (1692-1713) Elizabeth Thomas (1697-1775) |
| Children | Deborah, Eliza, Mary, Richard, Thomas, Ann, Margrett, Samuel, Elizabeth |
| Parents | Richard Snowden Jr. (1666-1720), Mary Linthicum (1667- ) |
Richard Snowden (1688–1763) was the grandson of Richard Snowden Sr (1640–1711), one of Maryland's early colonists, who arrived in 1658. Snowden founded the Patuxent Iron Works, on the site of Maryland's oldest iron forge. This founded one of Maryland's first industries, and settled the land now known as Laurel and Sandy Spring, Maryland.
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On the 11th of January, 1669, 500 acres (2.0 km2) of land called "Iron Mine" were patented from George Yate to Richard Snowden Sr. and Thomas Linthicum, "farmers", for 11,000 lb (5,000 kg) of tobacco. Linthicum sold this land to Snowden in 1675.[1] In 1685 King Charles (via Lord Baltimore) granted Richard Snowden Sr. 1,976 acres (8.00 km2) of land on the Patuxent River (Robinhood's Forest).[1] On this land, the Quaker Richard Snowden Sr. built the plantation "Birmingham Manor". On Aug 14, 1688, Snowden acquired 800 acres (3.2 km2) called Godwell.[2] On April 19, 1715, Snowden purchased 300 acres (1.2 km2) called "Burgess Choice". On Dec 10, 1715, 1,000 acres (4.0 km2) of land known as "Snowden's Manor" were surveyed for Richard Snowden near Ashton. Altogether, Richard Snowden Sr. amassed an estate worth over 2000 pounds by 1715.
In 1719 Snowden Jr. was granted 10,000 acres (40 km2) in Maryland. In 1720 Richard Snowden III inherited Birmingham Manor and all the accumulated lands of his father. In October 1723, Snowden Hill was surveyed and granted to Richard Snowden, including 646 acres (2.61 km2) of land by the Columbia road with the West Point Branch running through it. In 1724 Richard Snowden sent workers to build a log core that became "Greenwood", north of Brookeville, Maryland establishing Sandy Spring's and Montgomery County's oldest surviving residence.[3]
In 1736, Snowden, Joseph Cowman, and three other partners founded the "Patuxent Iron Work Company", Maryland's first ironworks.[4] The ironworks were built on the site of an even older forge that predated it by some time.[5] In 1737 Snowden partnered with his son-in-law James Brooke to build a gristmill and biscuit factory on the Hawlings River.[3]
On March 5, 1743, "Snowden's Manor Enlarged" including the original "Snowden's Manor" was resurveyed. This totalled 9,265 acres (3,749 ha). A "Laurel road" (now Sandy Spring Road) was described.[6] In 1748 Snowden sold 1,029 acres (4.16 km2) of land called "Snowdens Fourth Addition" to his son-in-law and daughter, Samuel and Mary Thomas in Colesville. Samuel was a Quaker minister and founder of the Sandy Spring meeting of friends.[7]
At Richard Snowden's death, his estate included Snowden Hall, Fairland, Montpelier, Oakland, Snow Hill, Avondale, Woodland Hill, Alnick, Elmwood, Brightwood, Maple Grove, and most of the land that comprises modern Laurel, Maryland.[8]
Richard Snowden is buried in the family cemetery on the grounds of the former Birmingham Manor. The Snowden family cemetery sits just to the east of modern Suburban Airport, within the traffic pattern.[9]
After Snowden's death, from the 1760s to the 1780s the ironworks were managed by his sons, Samuel, John and Thomas Snowden. The ironworks employed a workforce of about 45 slaves.[10] The ironworks peaked with an annual output of 1200 tons. The owners dismantled the furnace in 1856 due to a lack of wood and ore.